Show Them The Money

If asked what financial challenge they associated with the month of April, many people would point to the mid-month deadline for filing their tax returns. April, alas, was a month of tough love on the budget front.

• In an ugly game of political chicken, Republicans in Congress threatened to shut down the government.
• Founded in 1972, the Intiman Theatre in Seattle canceled the rest of its season, laid off its staff, and  shut down for the remainder of 2011.
• The 111-year-old Philadelphia Orchestra became the first major metropolitan orchestra to file for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection.

That's the bad news.  The good news is that April also includes National Arts Advocacy Week in Washington, when arts administrators and celebrities from the arts descend on the nation's capitol to lobby for increased funding for the National Endowment for the Arts. In the following clip, actor Kevin Spacey (who also serves as artistic director of the Old Vic in London), gives the speech he had intended to deliver to a House Appropriations on Interior and Related Industries subcommittee before that hearing was cancelled.



Spacey's eloquence is matched by actor Hill Harper's comments on how fear mongering is currently being used by conservatives to prevent people from supporting the arts:

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Over the years, audiences have become familiar with the "Let's Put On A Show" plot line.  Whether one thinks of 1937's Babes in Arms, 1954's White Christmas, 1985's Nunsense, or 1997's The Full Monty, performers have always been willing to chip in so that the show could go on.

One should never, however, underestimate the impact that seed money from the National Endowment for the Arts can have on a small nonprofit arts organization.  Directed by Chil Kong, a delightful new movie entitled The Mikado Project does a beautiful job of showing just how important that kind of seed money and validation can be.

I first read about The Mikado Project in one of Jeff Yang's delightful "Asian Pop" columns entitled "Yes we Ken?" As someone who grew up on Gilbert & Sullivan operettas, I quickly clicked through to The Mikado Project's website, which led me one step further to the website for the mythical Angry Buddha Theater Company. It was there that I discovered the hilarious posters for productions of:

• Killing Me Soft Lee
• Cat On A Hot Pagoda Roof
• The Merry Wives of WuShu
• The Cherry Blossom Orchard
• The Merchant of Malaysia
• The Aiya Couple
• Sweet Nightingale of Youth
• The Vietcong Monologues

Once I saw the following pieces of poster art, I was hooked!

As it turns out, Kong's film is loosely based on a play written by Ken Narasaki and Doris Baizley that was first staged in May of 2007.  It focuses on a struggling Asian-American theater company (whose artistic output has been mostly works of "protest theatre") that is now in danger of losing its funding from the NEA.

The company's artistic director (Allen C. Liu) is tired of coping with overflowing toilets and can barely pay the theatre's rent (or afford to print programs). Too exhausted to consider staging a production of A Streetcar Named Manzanar, he understands that, even though Angry Buddha is an Asian-American theatre company, only white people buy theatre tickets. On top of all that, Lance has to deal with a hornet's nest of diva-like personalities:

• Cheryl (Erin Quill) got pushed around by some older Caucasians when she played Yum Yum at the age of six. Now an angry young activist with an acute case of political correctness, she is none too pleased about being asked to grovel and act submissive because Lance  is determined to give audiences what they want.
• Viola (Tamlyn Tomita) is an extremely attractive woman who is horrified at being asked to play the role of an old maid (the elderly, ugly Katisha).
• Ben (Ryun Yu) is the insecure, egotistical actor who has been Viola's on-again, off-again boyfriend.
• Sam (Rizwan Manji) is the theatre's shy tech person.
• Dennis (Gerald McCullouch) is the group's music director who has grown weary of all the squabbles within the company.
• Yuri (Yuri Tag) is a talented young dancer/choreographer who, in her desperation to lose 15 pounds, faints during a key rehearsal.
• Teddy (Raymond J. Lee) is a young actor who has only worked in film. An aspiring rapper, he quickly transforms Nanki Poo's first aria, "A Wandering Minstrel I," into a slick hip hop number which he performs in a hoodie.
• Jace (David Lee McInnis) is a former member of the group who made it into a TV series. "He who cannot be named" has recently been dropped by his agent and now wants to star in Angry Buddha's production of The Mikado. Jace also thinks it would just be a super idea to update Gilbert &  Sullivan's operetta (which was first performed in 1885) to the 1940s and set it in the Japanese-American internment camp at Minidoka, Idaho.
• Mrs. O'Malley (Freda Foh Shen) is Cheryl's mother, who has patiently sat by as her daughter dropped out of law school and refused to get married. Her family's restaurant has always provided the catering for the Angry Buddha's opening night parties.

Because many a stage director has tried to put a new twist on The Mikado, a little history might be helpful. Gilbert & Sullivan's comic operetta premiered at the Savoy Theater in London on March 14, 1885. The Swing Mikado opened in Chicago in 1938 with an all-black cast and choreography that included "The Truck" and the Cakewalk (this production was subsequently produced at the 1939 Golden Gate International Exposition in San Francisco).

On March 23, 1939, The Hot Mikado opened at the Broadhurst Theatre in a jazz/swing version with an all-black cast, starring Bill "Bojangles" Robinson. On April 29, 1960, Groucho Marx played Ko-Ko opposite Helen Traubel's Katisha in a television production of The Mikado for The Bell Telephone Hour. Here they are singing "Tit Willow" and "There Is Beauty in the Bellow of the Blast."



1962 brought the debut of The Cool Mikado, a British film starring Frankie Howerd, Lionel Blair and Stubby Kaye that transformed the operetta into a comic gangster story in contemporary Japan. In 1975, The Black Mikado was set on a Caribbean island. In 1986, a new version of Hot Mikado premiered in Washington, D.C.

Over the years I've seen many productions of The Mikado by companies ranging in size from San Francisco's Lamplighters to the New York City Opera. I've seen The Mikado performed by the D'Oyly Carte Company and enjoyed Jonathan Miller's interpretation created for the English National Opera (which placed the action in a British seaside resort). My favorite production is the one I saw performed by the Australian Opera in 1985 at the Sydney Opera House, in which director Virginia Lumsden set the action in a London department store (the delightful DVD of this production, filmed in 1987, can be rented from Netflix).

In all those many years of loving Gilbert & Sullivan's operetta, I never once thought about how Asian Americans might react to The Mikado. As the film's creative team explains:

"The Mikado has long been the bastion of Caucasians who have tended to ignore its history as a commentary on Victorian social mores, and focus more on acting stereotypes and poking fun at Asians and Asian features. Without intending to, The Mikado has since become one of the worst examples of racism towards another people on stage. Yet it continues to thrive, even in our new politically astute culture.

The story was set in Japan (considered an exotic land to the British during that era), and the 'foreign-ness' allowed Gilbert to satirize British politics. Names such as Nanki Poo and Yum Yum -- who reside in the mythical town of Titipu -- and elaborate costumes that bear little resemblance to feudal Japan, were meant to lambaste Victorian England. The result, however,  has been one of cultural insensitivity to Asians and Asian Americans, no different than the prosthetic Asian eye makeup and 'yellow face' donned by Jonathan Pryce in the Broadway production of Miss Saigon." 

One of the things that fascinated me while watching The Mikado Project was how shrewdly Sullivan's music had been adapted to be used as incidental music in many scenes. The ensemble cast has strong appeal, with some of the most enjoyable work coming from Raymond J. Lee as Teddy/Nanki Poo. Quan Phung (the film's Executive Producer) wisely stresses that:

"We are using the story of this Asian American theater company in the same way Gilbert &  Sullivan used a Japanese story to comment on their society. Hopefully, we can laugh at ourselves while shedding light on the challenges facing Asian American actors -- or any actor of color in Hollywood today.”

The Mikado Project offers viewers a tender, mocking backstage look at the dynamics of community theatre  (its director spent several years as one of the artistic directors of the Lodestone Theatre Ensemble in Los Angeles). He explains that:

“This film came out of my personal experiences. We had 10 years of introspection about the landscape of Asian Americans in arts and cinema. The one thing I know for sure is that our history is evolving and my goal was to create an entertaining story. This film is a valentine to the various generations of Asian American artists and the small theater companies around the country that continue to operate in this economic climate. For me, musical comedy was the best way to go to address anything we had to say about being Asian American or The Mikado.”

Devout Savoyard fans need not worry about any sacred cows being slaughtered.  If anything, most will relish the chance to rethink The Mikado through a radically different lens. Here's the the trailer:

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In the following clip, actor Alec Baldwin describes the vital connections between the arts, government funding, and the commercial business world. He also stresses the spiritual component of the arts that, for centuries, has such a deep impact on people's lives.


 
Like nonprofits, independent filmmakers struggle to raise money for their art. Ever since 2004 (when he burst on the scene with his hit documentary, Super Size Me), filmmaker Morgan Spurlock has used his curiosity and probing lens to delve into controversial issues. Beginning in 2005, his reality TV documentary series, 30 Days, followed Spurlock and his colleagues as they tried to put people in the shoes (and life situations) of those they feared the most. Although the FX channel cancelled the show after three seasons, it was recently picked up by Planet Green.

Spurlock's gift is his ability to transform difficult learning experiences into a highly marketable form of edutainment. In his lengthy director's notes, Morgan explains the genesis of his latest documentary:

"It was two years ago when we first got the idea to make POM Wonderful Presents: The Greatest Movie Ever Sold. It began with a conversation between me and my producing partner and co-writer, Jeremy Chilnick, where we talked about the TV show Heroes and their less than subtle inclusion of the Nissan Rogue into the show‘s storyline. We then started talking about all the big summer movies, from Transformers to Iron Man to James Bond, and about how all those product placements were more than just advertisements for products. They were tools that made these movies’ footprints and awareness even bigger. These co-promotions helped turn them into blockbusters. And we wondered if a little movie, even a documentary, had the same type of partnerships and co-promotion opportunities, could it have a bigger presence? Would it have the same influence? Could a doc reach the same level of awareness and marketability of a summer blockbuster? Would it be a doc-buster?

Brands are everywhere these days. It seems like I can‘t go to any event these days without someone sponsoring it. Sporting events, concerts, anything. So why not a movie? Better yet, why not a movie that examines the whole phenomenon that is actually paid for by the companies themselves? That was the jumping off point."

"Now, product placement isn‘t a new phenomenon. In the 1800s, Jules Verne sold the naming rights to shipping companies in Around the World in 80 Days. In the early days of film,  Thomas Edison put ads for his own products in his movies. But television has always been its own animal. When it first began, shows were actually paid for and written by the advertisers, and the whole purpose was to sell a product. (Let‘s not forget that soap operas were created by soap companies for the sole purpose of selling more soap to moms!) But as the popularity of film and television grew, the power of the advertisers diminished. It became about star power. It became about the content of the shows and the creativity of their creators. Over the last few decades though, that power has slowly been chipped away as more and more  networks and outlets are competing for the same ad dollars and the same eyeballs. And so, the advertisers began to have power again -- not only to get the air time they wanted -- but with the ability to dictate the content.

And so, here we are once again as we were in the beginning, with the birth of a new film and TV revolution (actually the TiVo revolution), at the crossroads of money, power, influence, distribution, and creativity. I wanted this film to explore the give and take that happens when you play the game -- or at least what happens when you try. I think the film will open a lot of people’s eyes to the unbelievable conversations and situations that happen behind closed doors every day in the entertainment and advertising businesses. It doesn‘t matter if you‘re a writer, director, producer, or musician -- you are affected by this on some level, but not nearly as much as the consumer."

Morgan Spurlock with consumer activist Ralph Nader

"In the middle of the thousands of hours of commercials and advertisements that we all see in our lifetime, there is an invisible curtain that makes us think this is the norm -- that it‘s the way it should be. The movie documents both the absurdity and pervasiveness of product placement in our daily lives. I saw my role on this film as both a filmmaker and an anthropologist. I needed to be careful that I did not become part of the punch line or part of the campaign. I had set out to see how important advertising is in our daily lives. Maintaining that perspective was the only way I could get the movie made. I also wanted to maintain a healthy respect for all of the sponsors, what their goals are, and meanwhile remain the third eye observing it all. I think this film does a great job of pulling that curtain back in a way we've never seen. After people watch this film, I think they will start to look at everything a little differently, especially the way they are marketed and advertised to every single day of their lives."

Morgan Spurlock holds up one of his sponsor's products

What Spurlock has done is taken a great idea and tricked it out so that his audience is in on the joke from the beginning. As a result, his film often resembles a video game chock full of pop-up product placements. 

Whether working with JetBlue, Hyatt Hotels, Ban Deodorant or perhaps his favorite sponsor -- Mane'n Tail -- Spurlock is more than eager to share the crazy roller-coaster ride he has disguised as a learning experience (of note: all of the film's sponsors are given space in the production notes to describe their products and corporate philosophies).  Spurlock shrewdly uses classical music selections that have long been in the public domain (such as the themes from Sergei Prokoviev's beloved "Peter and the Wolf" and Edvard Grieg's "In the Hall of the Mountain King") to add a grand sense of merriment to the proceedings.

Filmmaker Morgan Spurlock

Audiences will find it almost impossible to resist the multiple charms of Spurlock's film, which is exactly the outcome desired by the filmmaker and his sponsors. The following 19-minute clip is of Spurlock's recent TED talk. Enjoy!